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Over the past decade, the management model of cancer patients has gradually shifted to individual mode based on molecular mutation detection. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation is an important driving factor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Compared with traditional chemotherapy, EGFR-targeted therapy shows significant safety and efficacy. However, not all patients with EGFR mutations are eligible for EGFR-targeted therapy, and different types of mutations often indicate different clinical outcomes, such as the sensitive mutations EGFR 19-Del, L858R, and the resistance mutation. In addition, the third-generation TKI drugs Osimertinib (AZD9291) and Rociletinib (CO-1686) have been developed to further benefit patients with primary TKI resistance caused by T790M mutation of EGFR. Therefore, detection of the EGFR mutation status of patients before treatment, and continuously monitoring the mutation of drug resistance genes during the treatment process is useful for the management of targeted drugs in NSCLC patients. In recent years, the rapid development of "liquid biopsy" technology has made it possible to use non-invasive methods to monitor drug resistance mutations in real time. In this paper, we reviewed the clinical application of various non-invasive detection techniques for EGFR mutations in NSCLC in different liquid samples. .
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Metabolism , DNA Mutational Analysis , Methods , ErbB Receptors , Genetics , Metabolism , Lung Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Metabolism , MutationABSTRACT
To screen interaction proteins of CVB3 VP3 from cDNA library of human heart ,yeast two hybridization was conducted in this study .The bait plasmid pGBKT7-VP3 was constructed ,VP3 fusion protein and its self-activation in AH109 yeast cells was then detected .The positive clones were confirmed by PCR amplification of cDNA inserts ,Alu I digesting ,DNA sequencing ,and Blasting were used to sort positive colonies to eliminate duplicates .Positive clones were confirmed by one-to-one yeast two hybridization ,and them were sequenced and analyzed for homology .Theα-galactosidase assay was performed to detect the interaction strength .Totally ,10 positive proteins interacting with VP3 of CVB3 were obtained by homology analy-sis,namely,EIF4A2,HADHB,GAPDH,ASPG,ACTA1,TNNI3,CKM,LMOD3,ERGIC1,and ALDH2.The strength of interactions between VP3 and 10 candidate proteins were proved byα-galactosidase assay .This study will contribute to explore the CVB3 VP3 function on molecular level and provides some new clues to explain the pathogenic mechanism of myo-carditis and cardiomyopathy .
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BACKGROUND:To improve the survival rate of transplanted hematopoietic stem cells, dynamic monitoring of plasma content of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and rapid screening of early active HCMV infection in hematopoietic stem celltranplantation recipients, thus to guide the clinical medication, is preferred. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the usefulness of fluorescence quantitative PCR assay for early detection of HCMV activation after hematopoietic stem celltransplantation. METHODS:Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was applied for HCMV monitoring in 656 blood samples from 41 hematopoietic stem celltranplantation recipients and 60 control blood samples. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In 656 blood samples, 96 samples were positive, and the HCMV DNA copies ranged from 5.0×102 to 1.0×107 IU/mL. Timely initiation of therapy resulted in the rapid clearance of DNA-viraemia but it recurrenced in short time by drug-resistent. Two cases from 12 postive recipients died from HCMV infection. The quantitative detection of HCMV DNA by real-time PCR is a rapid method for monitoring HCMV infection and the early diagnosis in patients after hematopoietic stem celltransplantation.
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This study designed a studio English classroom which was based on foreign nursing jobs related language.It included high-frequency words,foreign nurse-patient dialogue,and European and American nursing video which was foreign patients’ nursing procedures oriented.The studio classroom was characterized as interactive internet platform.It provided a complete system for input and output in English language,and motivated students to learn nursing English.Therefore,it improved students’ professional verbal competencies.
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Objective To explore the effects of teaching method of concept-map orientation on cultivating intern nursing students' autonomous learning competencies. Methods 120 volunteers were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 60 students in each group. The students from the experimental group participated in the training activities, in which concept-map orientation and clinical case served as a vehicle. While the students from the control group attended lectures held by nursing department. All the students fulfilled the Measure Scale of Autonomous Learning Competencies of Nursing Undergraduates before and after this study. Results There was significant difference between before and after the study, and significant difference was also seen in total score and score of each dimension between the experimental group and the control one. Conclusions The teaching method of conceptmap orientation can cultivate nursing students' autonomous learning competencies.
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Objective To explore the impact of duration of catheter on incidences of PUR,UTI and reinserting catheter following LAVH,in order to determine the best time for withdrawing catheter.Methods 139 patients in keeping with the selected criteria were randomly divided into the non-catheter group,indwelling one-day and two-day group.The incidences of PUR,UTI and reinserting catheter were analyzed.Results There was significant difference in PUR and UTI among the three groups,and no difference was seen in reinserting catheter among them.Conclusions The catheter should be withdrawn as early as possible to prevent UTI.
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Objective To explore the common problems that facing the nursing trainees and seek the way to solving them. Methods The established Internet forum for nursing eases which was divided into six areas,such as clinical decision,ethical problems,nursing skills, the relationship between teachers and students,the relationship between nurses and patients,vocational prevention;77 nursing stuedents who were from three junior colleges of Jiangxi province participated in this study voluntarily.Nursing cases that happened during practical period were sent to the forum by volunteers and were discussed by nursing students and tutors. Results The cases sent by the nursing students were listed as the following order:relationship between teachers and students, relationship between nurses and patients, vocational prevention, clinical decision, ethical problem, and nursing skills. Conclusions During practical period, the main problems which the nursing students focused on stemod from the relationship between teachers and students, the relationship between nurses and patients and vocational prevention. Nursing educators should put emphases on the related knowledge and skills in order to improve the students'ability of coping with these problems.